More than seventy percent of Earth’s surface
is covered by water…
which supplies a lot of work material
for hydrologists—
the scientists who study how water moves
across and through the Earth’s crust.
They solve problems to improve water quality
and increase the availability of water.
The core of a hydrologist’s job involves
measuring the properties of bodies of water,
collecting and testing water samples,
and analyzing the impact of pollution,
erosion, and drought.
They use sophisticated computer programs
and sensing equipment
to forecast future water levels,
and may supervise technicians who
operate the equipment.
Hydrologists also evaluate the feasibility
and impact of projects
such as hydroelectric dams
or irrigation systems,
then report their findings
and recommendations.
Most hydrologists specialize;
for example, groundwater hydrologists
study water below the earth’s surface
and plan cleanup of contaminated groundwater
from chemical spills,
or advise on locating wells safely.
Hydrologists generally spend time working
both in an office and in the field.
In the field, hydrologists may collect samples
and inspect equipment while
knee-deep in lakes and streams.
Many jobs require significant travel.
Most hydrologists work full time,
but the length of daily shifts may vary
when in the field.
Hydrologists need at least a bachelor’s degree,
and some positions require a master’s degree.
Candidates for advanced research
and university faculty positions
typically need a Ph.D.