Physicists and astronomers
explore the dimensions of the universe…
from the vastness of intergalactic space…
to minute subatomic particles.
They study the ways different
forms of matter and energy interact.
Physicists explore the laws
that govern space and time.
They may focus on theoretical areas
like how the universe was formed,
or take a more practical direction
such as developing laser surgery technology.
Astronomers study planets, stars,
and other celestial bodies.
Using telescopes and space-based equipment,
their research may examine
our own solar system,
or aim at distant galaxies.
Most physicists and astronomers work full time,
often on teams with engineers
and other scientists.
They are employed by
higher education institutions,
scientific research
and development organizations,
and the federal government—
especially NASA
and the Department of Defense.
Some need to apply for research grants
to fund their work.
Astronomers and physicists
do most of their work in offices.
Astronomers visit observatories occasionally
as data from observations has become
widely available via the Internet.
Some physics experiments
require particle accelerators
or nuclear reactors,
but most research is conducted
in smaller laboratories.
Research and academic positions
require a Ph.D.
A master’s degree qualifies candidates
for most positions in manufacturing
and healthcare.
The Federal government employs scientists
with degrees ranging from
a bachelor’s to a Ph.D.,
depending on the position and agency.